Promo codes and presales give you control over who sees a ticket before it goes on sale to everyone else. A link with the code baked in applies it automatically at checkout, so fans do not have to hunt for a code or type it in wrong. Codes can also unlock ticket types that stay hidden from the general public, so a presale tier only appears for the fans holding the right link or code.
For larger presale programs, such as a card-issuer presale, you can upload codes in bulk instead of creating them one at a time. That keeps the setup work proportional to the presale, not the guest list, and keeps the checkout on your branded page the whole time.